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Joshua Page

Joshua Page

Major: 

Chemistry

University: 

Ithaca College

Mentor(s): 

Ashley M. Wright

Faculty Sponsor(s): 

Trevor W. Hayton

Faculty Sponsor's Department(s): 

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Project Title: 

REACTIVITY OF LEWIS ACIDS (FeBr3 AND BBr3) WITH TEMPO

Project Description: 

As ketones are a widespread functional group in pharmaceuticals, the oxidation of alcohols to ketones is an important process,.  The standard method is to use a stoichiometric amount of a heavy metal oxidant, such as KMnO4.  More recently, the catalytic aerobic oxidation of primary alcohols using metal/TEMPO (2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl) based systems have been extensively studied provide a means towards greener chemistry.  Previously, metal/TEMPO adducts, FeCl3(TEMPO) (1) and AlCl3(TEMPO) (2) were synthesized by the Hayton group.  Addition of a primary alcohol to 1 or 2 results in oxidation to the corresponding ketones and generation of FeCl3(TEMPOH) and AlCl3(TEMPOH), respectively.  We report on extending the chemistry to the stronger Lewis acids FeBr3 and BBr3. The stronger Lewis acids modulate the redox potential of the TEMPO ligand which may facilitate the activation of a broader range of C-H bonds.  Thus, addition of TEMPO to an Et2O solution of FeBr3 results in formation an orange precipitate.  Surprisingly, X-ray crystallography reveals the product to be Br3Fe(TEMPOH) (3) and not FeBr3(TEMPO). This was identified by the long N1–O1 bond distance of 1.408(3) Å in the solid state structure.  FeBr3(TEMPO) is likely formed transiently. However, consistent with our hypothesis, the TEMPO is able to abstract a hydrogen atom from Et2O, unlike complex 1.  In contrast, addition of TEMPO to BBr3 results in TEMPO disproportionation. [TEMPO][BBr4] (4) precipitates from hexanes in moderate yields as a beige precipitate. Whereas BrB(TEMPO)2 (5) is isolated as a hexane soluble colorless solid moderate yields. Complexes 4 and 5 have been structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography.