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Brenda C. Mejia

Brenda C. Mejia

Major: 

Psychological and Brain Sciences

Faculty Sponsor(s): 

Karen Szumlinski

Faculty Sponsor's Department(s): 

Psychological and Brain Sciences

Project Title: 

Investigation of the Neurobiological Bases of Sex Differences in Alcohol-Induced Cognitive Decline

Project Description: 

A history of heavy drinking has been shown to induce the early onset of dementia and increase the likelihood of the progression and severity of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The prevalence of alcohol use disorder (AUD) has increased in both men and women, with a strikingly higher increase in mature adult women, particularly over the Covid-19 pandemic.  This is concerning as females are 50% more likely to develop dementia and AD than males. Indeed, recent mouse studies indicate that a month-long history of binge-drinking induced spatial learning and working memory deficits that were more pronounced in mature adult females than males. In fact, the level of cognitive impairment exhibited by mature adult binge-drinking females were comparable to that exhibited by more senior animals. s than in senior mice. In this study, immunoblotting was conducted on prefrontal cortex and hippocampal tissue from the mice in the aforementioned behavioral study to correlate alcohol-induced cognitive deficits with the expression of glutamate-related proteins critical for normal learning and memory. It is expected that the cognitive deficits produced by a month-long history of binge-like drinking will be related to anomalies in the protein expression of both metabotropic receptors (mGluR1, mGluR5) and ionotropic receptor subunits (GluA1, GluA2, GluN1, GluN2A, GluN2B), with mature adult females most affected.  Such findings will be the first to implicate anomalies in glutamate signaling within the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus in alcohol-induced cognitive decline of relevance to the treatment and prevention of dementia and AD.